Cannabinoid testing is a major product testing of extracts destined for human consumption. Various analytical chemistry and microbiology labs test extracts for heavy metals, vitamins, pesticides, yeast, fungi, mold, mycotoxins and solvents, and other solvents. In addition to these, cannabidiol, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabinol (cannabinol A and B) are some important test substances.
The most common laboratory evaluation for cannabis testing is for potency. Potency refers to how much of a specific chemical is found in a standardized sample of cannabis. This can be done by a method called chemosensory testing where a substance is added to a sensitive spectrophotometer and a photoisotope is emitted with a detector. When an electric current is passed through the substance, it excites the photons which then excite the carbon atoms which in turn emit light. The strength of this effect is measured in percentage values.
Another commonly used method for cannabis testing by analytical labs is for forensic analysis. Forensic analysis requires sensitive testing of controlled substances such as blood, hair, urine, or saliva for identification and DNA testing to detect genetic evidence. In addition, analytical labs may test seized or stolen cannabis to check for controlled substances. Many states have now included a direct-testimony rule, which means that a police officer must testify beyond reasonable doubt in a case whether the substance is cannabis, even if he or she could not be absolutely certain that it is.
In addition to forensic testing, an analytical chemist can also test a substance for a which is a code that a plant implements to indicate how long and how high a particular compound has been dried. cannabis testing by the forensic chemistry lab includes a series of tests, including a gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) that determines the concentration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, also known as THC; a gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry method that determine the ratio of THMs to cannabis; and a gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry method that determine the relative amounts of THC and CBD. The GC/MS method can determine the concentration of THMs in samples, which is essential in determining whether a substance is cannabis. A positive result from the GC/MS method indicates that a substance is cannabis, and a negative result indicates that it is another chemical. However, the exact concentration of THMs in a sample is impossible to determine because the effects of THC and CBD vary from person to person.
Analytical labs can also test the efficacy of herbal extracts in detecting the presence of cannabis, including sipping on lemon balm to counter stress and calming the nerves, or taking a supplement of Ginkgo biloba with meals to increase alertness and improve focus. But these herbal remedies have not been proven effective in detecting the presence of cannabis. When it comes to testing the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals, the analytical arm of a drug testing lab can test for at least three major pharmaceuticals: ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen. These pharmaceuticals act on the nervous system and are present in various medications meant to treat pain, including ibuprofen. Alcohol, in the form of beer, is another commonly abused substance that can be detected by certain lab tests, including ethyl glucuronide testing, which analyzes the amount of glucuronide in the urine. The most widely used lab test for alcohol is the breathalyzer test, which is often incorrectly used because people tend to breathe slowly and have not had enough time to get completely drunk.
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Other drugs are more difficult to analyze because they act on the nervous system, while other pesticides act directly on the brain or spinal cord. Therefore, for these types of tests, scientists often recommend combining two or more substances in order to detect the presence of a potentially hazardous drug. The most popular lab test for pesticides is the gas test, which compares the amount of pesticide residue found in the air with the amount of a sample substance taken from the patient’s blood. If there is evidence of a pesticide causing death or disability, then that substance is added to the national list of controlled substances.